1. INTRODUCTION
This chapter introduces you to environmental management ideas, and the use of ISO 14001. It explains how you can use this book to help you implement an EMS in your business.
1.1 Why environmental management? Why ISO 14001?
For the last 20 to 30 years, environmental management within businesses has grown as a discipline. It is no longer just environmental pressure groups who care about the environment; it has become a mainstream political issue and a topic that most people have an opinion about.
Although climate change is the topic that springs to most people’s minds when thinking about environmental issues, it’s not the only issue. Others include loss of areas such as tropical rainforests and coral reefs, desertification (desert areas growing rapidly), lack of clean water, air pollution, use of limited natural resources, and pollution of water and land. In addition, there are local environmental issues that affect us every day, such as pollution from industry, waste, traffic, noise, dust, and other nuisances.
Billions of dollars’ worth of research by universities and other institutes has expanded our knowledge of how people can impact the environment. We know so much more now than we did, say, 10 years ago. And, it seems like the more we understand, the more we have to worry about!
This research leads to generally accepted theories, which become mainstream knowledge in society, institutions, and pressure groups like Greenpeace. Pressure is then exerted on governments to enact legislation or regulations to control or manage environmental impacts.
Businesses are therefore hit by both regulatory requirements from governments, and social pressures. These pressures are felt either directly through sales, or indirectly through shareholder requirements or other customer demands.
The reality is that for businesses to operate today, your personal views on whether climate change is happening or not are as irrelevant as whether you think businesses should pay taxes or not.
Environmental management is now a requirement for most businesses, whether you like it or not.
The good news is that in most cases, a good Environmental Management System will contribute to your business. Not just because it means you will win the contract with the customer who requires ISO 14001 certification, but also because good environmental management is about working smarter, wasting less, using less, and reducing costs.
ISO 14001 is an international standard that was developed not only to provide a standard against which different businesses can demonstrate their environmental credentials, but also to provide all types of businesses with a model and framework to follow to help them manage environmental issues.
The ISO 14001 standard provides a very useful and comprehensive guide on how to understand what environmental issues matter to your business, how to go about reducing the likelihood of being exposed to any possible environmental problems, and how to gain the most benefit to your business from environmental management. It will work together with other management systems, and while allowing you to focus on the important environmental issues.
The other benefits to your business come through what your own people think about working for you. There is evidence that businesses with a good environmental reputation will find it easier to recruit new staff, particularly younger staff. Many businesses have successfully used environmental issues to engage with staff in a way that they never could before with such uninspiring topics as quality or financial controls.
So, ISO 14001 and environmental management doesn’t need to be just another bureaucratic pile of paperwork. It can be something that really helps the business, in both the short term and the long term. Done the right way, it can change a business’ future for the better, and hopefully help the rest of our futures, too.
1.2 Basic environmental management principles
Environmental management is not too di