| Foreword I | 5 |
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| Foreword II | 5 |
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| Preface | 10 |
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| Acknowledgements | 16 |
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| Contents | 17 |
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| Emergence of Social Systems Engineering (SSE) | 26 |
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| 1 Overview | 27 |
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| 1.1 Introduction | 27 |
| 1.2 Social System and Social Systems Engineering | 28 |
| 1.2.1 Exploration of Social System and SSE Before the 20th Century | 28 |
| 1.2.2 Exploration of Social System in the 20th Century | 29 |
| 1.2.2.1 Exploration by Sociologists | 29 |
| 1.2.2.2 Exploration by System Scientists and Electrical Engineers | 30 |
| 1.2.3 Exploration of SSE in the 20th Century | 33 |
| 1.2.3.1 Exploration by Universities in Japan | 33 |
| 1.2.3.2 Exploration by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) | 33 |
| 1.2.4 Exploration of Social System in the 21st Century | 34 |
| 1.2.4.1 Human Ecology-Basic Concepts for Sustainable Development by Marten (2001) | 34 |
| 1.2.4.2 The Handbook of Economic Sociology (2nd Ed.) by Smelser and Swedberg (2005) | 35 |
| 1.2.4.3 Systems Thinking for Social Change by Stroh (2015) | 35 |
| 1.2.5 Exploration of SSE in the 21st Century | 36 |
| 1.2.5.1 Book Publications About SSE | 36 |
| 1.2.5.2 Description of Social-Systems Approach | 38 |
| 1.2.5.3 Description of Social Engineering | 39 |
| 1.3 Social Systems Engineering | 40 |
| 1.3.1 Necessity of Developing SSE. Two Aspects Necessitate the Development of SSE | 40 |
| 1.3.1.1 Necessity to Promote and Improve the Development of Human Society | 40 |
| 1.3.1.2 Necessity for Advancement in Education System to Train Qualified Personnel | 42 |
| 1.3.2 Time Is Ripe for Development of SSE | 43 |
| 1.3.2.1 There Is an Urgent Demand for the Development of SSE | 43 |
| 1.3.2.2 The Scope of Study of SSE is Basically Defined and Practiced | 43 |
| 1.3.2.3 Some Difficulties in SSE are Resolved and Some are Being Explored | 44 |
| 1.4 Exploration of Definition of Social Systems Engineering | 45 |
| 1.4.1 Current State | 45 |
| 1.4.1.1 Definition of Social System Engineering by Oosawa (2007) | 45 |
| 1.4.1.2 Definition of SSE by Yang and Li (2008) | 46 |
| 1.4.2 Definition of SSE Given in This Book | 47 |
| 1.4.2.1 Principal Underlining the Definition | 47 |
| 1.4.2.2 Components of SSE | 47 |
| 1.4.2.3 Definition of SSE Given in This Book | 49 |
| 1.4.2.4 Explanation of the SSE Definition | 49 |
| 1.4.2.5 Qualifications for a Social System Engineer | 50 |
| 1.5 Content Structure of This Book | 50 |
| References | 52 |
| 2 General Systems Theory and Systems Engineering | 54 |
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| 2.1 Science, Technology (S | 54 |
| 54 | 54 |
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| 2.1.1 | 54 |
| 2.1.1.1 The Higher Economic Growth Performance Since the First Industrial Revolution | 54 |
| 2.1.1.2 The Role of S | 54 |
| 55 | 54 |
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| 2.1.2 Major Events in the History of Science and Technology (S | 54 |
| 476 | 54 |
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| 9.5.4 Types of Public Policy | 477 |
| 9.5.4.1 Social Policy | 477 |
| 9.5.4.2 Economic Policy | 479 |
| 9.5.4.3 Science and Technology Policy | 479 |
| 9.5.4.4 Environmental Policy | 481 |
| 9.5.4.5 Policy Process-Theories | 483 |
| 9.6 Case Study 1 of Applying Analytic Hierarchy Process to Policy System | 484 |
| 9.6.1 Background Information of This Case Study | 484 |
| 9.6
|