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Rock Damage and Fluid Transport, Part I

:	Georg Dresen, Arno Zang, Ove Stephansson
:	G. Dresen, Ove Stephansson, Arno Zang
:	Rock Damage and Fluid Transport, Part I
:	Birkhäuser Basel
:	9783764377120
:	1
:	CHF 47.50
:

:	Geowissenschaften
:	English

:	278
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

Mechanical properties and fluid transport in rocks are intimately linked as deformation of a solid rock matrix immediately affects the pore space and permeability. Part I of this topical volume covers mainly the nucleation and evolution of crack damage in rocks, new or modified techniques to measure rock fracture toughness and a discussion of upscaling techniques relating mechanical and fluid transport behaviour in rocks at different spatial scales.

	PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS	4
	Rock Damage and Fluid Transport, Part I	6
	Fracture Toughness Measurements and Acoustic Emission Activity in Brittle Rocks	8
	1. Introduction	8
	2. Fracture Toughness	10
	3. Selection of Samples	12
	4. Crack Propagation and Microstructure	17
	5. Acoustic Emission and Crack Propagation	22
	6. Correlation of AE Technique with Optical Method	29
	7. Discussions	31
	8. Conclusions	33
	Quantifying Damage, Saturation and Anisotropy in Cracked Rocks by Inverting Elastic Wave Velocities	37
	1. Introduction	38
	2. E.ective Elastic Medium Containing Cracks	39
	3. Inversion of Experimental Data	47
	4. Discussion and Conclusions	57
	Ultrasonic Velocities, Acoustic Emission Characteristics and Crack Damage of Basalt and Granite	64
	1. Introduction	64
	2. Experimental Techniques	66
	3. Experimental Results	69
	4. Discussion	73
	5. Conclusions	80
	Fracture in Westerly Granite under AE Feedback and Constant Strain Rate Loading: Nucleation, Quasi-static Propagation, and the Transition to Unstable Fracture Propagation	84
	1. Introduction	84
	2. Experimental Procedure	86
	3. Results	89
	4. Nucleation of Unstable Fracture	100
	5. Discussion	103
	6. Conclusion	106
	Stress Sensitivity of Seismic and Electric Rock Properties of the Upper Continental Crust at the KTB	109
	Introduction	109
	The Data Sets	110
	Method	112
	Analysis and Results	113
	Conclusions	116
	Can Damage Mechanics Explain Temporal Scaling Laws in Brittle Fracture and Seismicity?	118
	1. Introduction	118
	2. A Model of Continuum Damage Mechanics	119
	3. Discussion	128
	An Update on the Fracture Toughness Testing Methods Related to the Cracked Chevron-notched Brazilian Disk (CCNBD) Specimen	133
	1. Introduction	133
	2. Background	133
	3. Geometry Related to CCNBD: 1 – Flattened Brazilian Disc (FBD)	136
	4. Geometry Related to CCNBD: 2 – Semi-circular Specimen under Three-point Bend (SCB)	137
	5. Geometry Related to CCNBD: 3–Double-edge Cracked Brazilian Disc (DECBD)	139
	6. Conclusion	140
	Cohesive Crack Analysis of Toughness Increase Due to Con.ning Pressure	144
	1. Introduction	144
	2. Problem Formulation	145
	3. Theoretical Analysis	147
	4. Numerical Analysis	152
	5. Concluding Remarks	156
	Fracture Toughness Evaluation Based on Tension-softening Model and its Application to Hydraulic Fracturing	158
	1. Introduction	158
	2. Fracture Toughness Test	160
	3. Hydraulic Fracturing	169
	4. Concluding Remarks	173
	A Method for Testing Dynamic Tensile Strength and Elastic Modulus of Rock Materials Using SHPB	175
	1. Introduction	175
	2. Experimental Procedure	176
	3. Analysis of Experimental results	179
	4. Finite Element Simulation	180
	5. Conclusion	181
	True Triaxial Stresses and the Brittle Fracture of Rock	185
	Introduction	185
	Brittle Fracture Theories	186
	True Triaxial Experiments and Strength Criteria	192
	True Triaxial Testing at the University of Wisconsin	199
	Discrete Element Modeling of Stress and Strain Evolution Within and Outside a Depleting Reservoir	215
	Introduction	215
	Geomechanics of Depleting Reservoirs	217
	Discrete Element Modeling	219
	Elastic Case: Comparison with Geertsma’s Analytical Model	219
	Beyond Elasticity: Fault Initiation within and outside a Depleting Reservoir	226
	DEM Modeling with a Pre-existing Fault	228
	Reservoir Depletion, with Fault on the Side of the Reservoir	230
	Discussion	231
	Conclusions	233
	Comparison of Numerical and Physical Models for Understanding Shear Fracture Processes	236
	1. Introduction	236
	2. Laboratory Experiment – The Punch-Through Shear Test	237
	3. Numerical Experiment	242
	4. Conclusions	254
	Upscaling: E.ective Medium Theory, Numerical Methods and the Fractal Dream	258
	1. Upscaling and Effective Medium Theory	258
	2. Upscaling and Numerical Methods	263
	3. Upscaling and the Fractal Dream	271
	4. Conclusion	273