| Cover | 1 |
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| Preface | 8 |
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| Table of Contents | 10 |
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| Abbreviations | 16 |
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| Chapter 1: The Focus of the Study | 18 |
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| 1. Introduction | 18 |
| 2. History of Scholarship | 19 |
| 2.1 Sense Perception | 19 |
| 2.1.1 Sense Perception and Faith | 19 |
| 2.1.2 Symbolic Interpretation of Sense Perception | 24 |
| 2.1.3 The Range of Senses | 27 |
| 2.2 Testimony | 30 |
| 2.2.1 Testimony and Revelation | 32 |
| 2.2.2 Rhetorical Purpose and Technique | 32 |
| 2.3 Sense Perception and Testimony | 35 |
| 3. The Aim and the Structure of this Study | 37 |
| 3.1 The Aim of this Study | 37 |
| 3.2 The Structure of the Study | 38 |
| Chapter 2: An Overview of Sense Perception and Testimony | 39 |
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| 1. Statistics and Distribution | 39 |
| 1.1 The Prologue (John 1:1–18) | 40 |
| 1.2 The Testimony of the Baptist and the First Disciples (John 1:19–51) | 42 |
| 1.3 The Public Ministry of Jesus (John 2–12) | 44 |
| 1.4 The Farewell Discourse (John 13–17) | 46 |
| 1.5 The Passion and Resurrection of Jesus (John 18–21) | 47 |
| 2. Problems with Sense Perception | 49 |
| 2.1 The Undefined Object | 49 |
| 2.2 The Vision of the Invisible: Glory, the Spirit and the Lamb of God | 50 |
| 2.3 The Perception of God by Privileged Witnesses | 51 |
| 2.4 The Perception of Signs within the Narrative | 51 |
| 2.5 Perception Pre- and Post-Easter | 52 |
| 3. John’s Use of Testimony Language | 53 |
| Chapter 3: The Intended Audience and the Purpose of the Gospel | 55 |
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| 1. John 20:30–31 | 56 |
| 1.1 Textual Variant in John 20:31a | 57 |
| 1.2 The Construction of ??? + ??????? | 60 |
| 2. John’s Concept of Faith | 63 |
| 3. The Content of the Gospel | 64 |
| 3.1 Structure and Presentation | 64 |
| 3.2 The Language of Abiding and Indwelling | 65 |
| 3.3 Ambiguities and Allusiveness in Language | 65 |
| 3.4 The Paraclete | 66 |
| 3.5 The Mission Motif | 67 |
| 4. Conclusion | 67 |
| Chapter 4: Sense Perception, the Knowledge of God and Testimony in the Jewish Scriptures | 69 |
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| 1. Theophany | 71 |
| 1.1 Jacob’s Ladder ( ??? ) (Gen 28:10–17) | 72 |
| 1.2 Theophany on Mount Sinai | 75 |
| 1.2.1 The Israelites’ Perception of God (Exodus 19–20) | 75 |
| 1.2.2 Moses’ Perception of God (Exodus 33–34) | 78 |
| 2. The Exodus Miracles | 80 |
| 3. Communal Vision in Deuteronomy | 84 |
| 4. The Tabernacle and the Ark of Testimony | 87 |
| 5. Prophetic Sign-Acts | 90 |
| 6. The Book of Isaiah | 94 |
| 6.1 The Motif of Blindness and Deafness | 96 |
| 6.2 The Motif of Light and Darkness | 99 |
| 6.3 The Motif of Trial and Sense Perception | 100 |
| 7. Conclusion | 102 |
| Chapter 5: Sense Perception and Testimony in the Graeco-Roman World | 104 |
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| 1. Techniques in Judicial Oratory to ‘bring before the eyes’ the thing told: ???????? and ???????? | 106 |
| 1.1 ???????? | 106 |
| 1.2 ???????? | 108 |
| 2. Rhetorical Appeal to Emotion | 110 |
| 3. Ways to Achieve ???????? | 114 |
| 4. An Analysis of Plato’s Apology and Cicero’s Verrine Orations | 118 |
| 4.1 Plato’s Apology | 118 |
| 4.1.1 Repetition and the Presence of the Crowd | 119 |
| 4.1.2 Repetition, Contrast and Creating a Pictorial Image by Noting Particular Features of Actions and Objects | 120 |
| 4.1.3 Verbal Cues to Prompt Imagination | 122 |
| 4.1.4 Repetition with a Description of Sudden Actions | 122 |
| 4.2 Cicero’s Verrine Orations | 125 |
| 4.2.1 Using Dialogues, Contrast and Creating a Pictorial Image by Noting Particular Features of Actions and Objects | 126 |
| 4.2.2 Crea
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