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Life Cycle and Sustainability of Abrasive Tools

:	Barbara Linke
:	Life Cycle and Sustainability of Abrasive Tools
:	Springer-Verlag
:	9783319283463
:	1
:	CHF 85.50
:

:	Maschinenbau, Fertigungstechnik
:	English

:	276
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

This monograph focuses on abrasive tools for grinding, polishing, honing, and lapping operations. The book describes the life cycle of abrasive tools from raw material processing of abrasive grits and bonding, manufacturing of monolithic or multi-layered tools, tool use to tool end-of-life. Moreover, this work highlights sustainability challenges including economic, environmental, social and technological aspects. The target audience primarily comprises research and industry experts in the field of manufacturing, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.

	Acknowledgments	7
	Contents	9
	Symbols and Abbreviations	15
	Uppercase Letters	15
	Lowercase Letters	16
	Greek Letters	16
	Conversions	17
	1 Introduction	18
	2 Abrasives	23
	2.1 Corundum	24
	2.1.1 Chemistry, Types and Characteristics of Corundum	24
	2.1.1.1 Shape, Morphology	25
	2.1.1.2 Toughness, Breaking Behavior, Friability, Hardness	25
	2.1.1.3 Temperature Stability, Chemical Reactions	27
	2.1.1.4 Thermal Conductivity, Electric and Magnetic Properties	28
	2.1.2 Manufacture of Corundum by Electrofusing	28
	2.1.3 Manufacture of Corundum by Sintering	31
	2.1.3.1 Sintering of Bauxite	31
	2.1.3.2 Sintering of Fused Corundum	32
	2.1.4 Manufacture of Corundum by Sol-Gel Process	32
	2.1.5 Performance of Corundum	33
	2.1.5.1 Molten Corundum	33
	2.1.5.2 Comparison of Sintered Corundum and Molten Corundum	33
	2.1.5.3 Comparison of Sol-Gel Corundum and Molten Corundum	34
	2.2 Silicon Carbide	35
	2.2.1 Chemistry, Types and Characteristics of Silicon Carbide	35
	2.2.1.1 Shape, Morphology	36
	2.2.1.2 Toughness, Breaking Behavior, Friability, Hardness	36
	2.2.1.3 Temperature Stability, Chemical Reactions	37
	2.2.1.4 Thermal Conductivity, Electric and Magnetic Properties	37
	2.2.2 Manufacture of Silicon Carbide	38
	2.2.3 Performance of Silicon Carbide	39
	2.3 Diamond	40
	2.3.1 Chemistry, Types of Diamond and Performance	40
	2.3.1.1 Shape, Morphology	41
	2.3.1.2 Toughness, Breaking Behavior, Friability	41
	2.3.1.3 Hardness	42
	2.3.1.4 Temperature Stability, Chemical Reactions	43
	2.3.1.5 Thermal Conductivity	44
	2.3.1.6 Electric and Magnetic Properties	44
	2.3.2 Natural Diamond Genesis	44
	2.3.3 Artificial Synthesis of Diamonds	45
	2.3.3.1 Monocrystalline Diamonds	45
	2.3.3.2 More Synthesis Methods	46
	2.3.4 Performance of Diamonds	47
	2.3.4.1 Grinding Tools	47
	2.3.4.2 Honing Tools	47
	2.3.4.3 Dressing Technology	47
	2.3.4.4 Diamond Powder	48
	2.4 Cubic Boron Nitride	48
	2.4.1 Chemistry, Types and Characteristics of CBN	48
	2.4.1.1 Shape, Morphology	49
	2.4.1.2 Toughness, Breaking Behavior, Friability, Hardness	49
	2.4.1.3 Temperature Stability, Chemical Reactions	50
	2.4.1.4 Thermal Conductivity, Electric and Magnetic Properties	50
	2.4.2 Synthesis of CBN	50
	2.4.3 Performance of CBN	52
	2.5 Other Types of Abrasives	52
	2.5.1 Natural Abrasives	52
	2.5.2 Boron Carbide (B4C)	53
	2.6 Grit Post-Processing	53
	2.6.1 Crushing	53
	2.6.2 Heat Treatment	53
	2.6.3 Chemical Processes	53
	2.6.4 Electrostatic Processes	54
	2.7 Grit Coatings	54
	2.7.1 Non-metallic Coatings	54
	2.7.2 Metallic Coatings	54
	2.7.2.1 Manufacture of Metallic Coatings	55
	2.7.3 Purpose of Coatings	55
	2.7.3.1 Grit Retention in the Bond	55
	2.7.3.2 Grit Protection During Tool Manufacturing	57
	2.7.3.3 Grit Alignment During Tool Manufacturing	57
	2.7.3.4 Grit and Bond Protection During Tool Use---Heat Transfer	57
	2.7.3.5 Grit Protection During Tool Use---Grit Coherence	57
	2.8 Grit Characteristics	58
	2.8.1 Grit Size	58
	2.8.1.1 Effect on Tool Performance	58
	2.8.1.2 Effect on Tool Production	59
	2.8.2 Shape, Morphology	59
	2.8.2.1 Effect on Tool Production	59
	2.8.2.2 Effect on Tool Performance	59
	2.8.3 Hardness and Temperature Hardness	60
	2.8.4 Toughness, Breaking Behavior	60
	2.8.5 Thermal, Electric and Magnetic Properties	61
	2.8.5.1 Effect on Tool Production	61
	2.8.5.2 Effect on Tool Performance	61
	2.8.6 Distribution of Characteristics Within Batch	62
	2.9 Methods for Grit Selection and Analysis	62
	2.9.1 Grit Size Selection	62
	2.9.1.1 Sieving	62
	2.9.1.1.1 Sieving Procedure	64
	2.9.1.2 Sifting	65
	2.9.1.3 Sedimentation	65
	2.9.1.4 Counting Methods	66
	2.9.1.5 Other Methods	66
	2.9.2 Grit Shape Selection and Analysis	66
	2.9.2.1 Picture Analysis	66
	2.9.2.2 Packing Density	68
	2.9.2.3 Shape Sorter	68
	2.9.3 Toughness and Breaking Behavior Analysis	68
	2.9.3.1 Friatest	68
	2.9.3.2 Single Grit Toughness Test	69
	2.9.4 Analysis of Residual Stress via Polarisation Microscopy	69
	2.9.5 Magnetic Susceptibility Selection and Analysis	69
	2.9.6 Other Analyses	70
	2.9.7 Evaluation of Grit Analysis and Sorting Techniq