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Orifice Plates and Venturi Tubes

:	Michael Reader-Harris
:	Orifice Plates and Venturi Tubes
:	Springer-Verlag
:	9783319168807
:	1
:	CHF 106.40
:

:	Maschinenbau, Fertigungstechnik
:	English

:	406
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

This book gives the background to differential-pressure flow measurement and goes through the requirements explaining the reason for them. For those who want to use an orifice plate or a Venturi tube the standard ISO 5167 and its associated Technical Reports give the instructions required. However, they rarely tell the users why they should follow certain instructions. This book helps users of the ISO standards for orifice plates and Venturi tubes to understand the reasons why the standards are as they are, to apply them effectively, and to understand the consequences of deviations from the standards.

Dr Reader-Harris is Principal Consultant in flow measurement at NEL. He provides technical leadership to projects, carries out consultancy work particularly in the area of differential pressure meters, and undertakes work in support of Standards.

	Preface	6
	Contents	8
	Notations	15
	1 Introduction and History	19
	Abstract	19
	1.1 Introduction	19
	1.2 Theory	20
	1.2.1 Bernoulli's Theorem	20
	1.2.2 Method of Operation	21
	1.2.2.1 General	21
	1.2.2.2 Incompressible Flow	21
	1.2.2.3 Compressible Flow	22
	1.2.2.4 Equation for Practical Use	24
	1.3 Essential Requirements	25
	1.3.1 General	25
	1.3.2 With a Calibration in a Flowing Fluid	25
	1.3.3 Without a Calibration in a Flowing Fluid	26
	1.4 Introduction to Reynolds Number and Velocity Profile	26
	1.5 Pipe Roughness	29
	1.6 Accuracy	30
	1.7 Pressure Loss	31
	1.8 Standards	32
	1.9 Advantages and Disadvantages	32
	1.10 History	33
	1.11 Conclusions	40
	Appendix 1.A: Sextus Julius Frontinus	41
	References	46
	2 Orifice Design	50
	Abstract	50
	2.1 Introduction	50
	2.2 Orifice Plate	51
	2.2.1 General	51
	2.2.2 Flatness	53
	2.2.3 Surface Condition of the Upstream Face of the Plate	54
	2.2.4 Edge Sharpness	56
	2.2.5 Plate Thickness E and Orifice (Bore) Thickness e	58
	2.2.5.1 General	58
	2.2.5.2 Plate Thickness E	58
	2.2.5.3 Orifice (Bore) Thickness e	59
	2.2.5.4 Requirements	61
	2.2.6 Circularity	62
	2.3 The Pipe	62
	2.3.1 General	62
	2.3.2 Pressure Tappings	63
	2.3.2.1 General	63
	2.3.2.2 Flange and D and D/2 Tappings	63
	General	63
	Tapping Diameter	65
	Tapping Location	65
	2.3.2.3 Corner Tappings	67
	2.3.2.4 Number of Tappings	67
	2.3.3 Pipe Roughness	68
	2.3.3.1 Uniform Roughness	68
	2.3.3.2 Rough Pipes with a Smooth Portion Immediately Upstream of the Orifice	71
	2.3.3.3 Non-uniform Roughness	72
	2.3.4 Steps and Misalignment