| Title | 3 |
|---|
| Impressum, Copyright | 4 |
|---|
| Foreword | 5 |
|---|
| Contents | 7 |
|---|
| 1 Introduction | 13 |
|---|
| 1.1 Number system | 13 |
| 1.2 Terms from computer science | 14 |
| 2 Arrangement of a PLC | 17 |
|---|
| 2.1 Structure of a PLC | 18 |
| 2.2 Structure of an automation unit | 18 |
| 2.3 Hardware requirements | 18 |
| 2.4 Software requirements | 20 |
| 3 Way of Functioning of a PLC | 23 |
|---|
| 3.1 Modules of the PLC | 23 |
| 4 Program Processing and Programming | 29 |
|---|
| 4.1 Linear program processing | 29 |
| 4.2 Structured programming | 30 |
| 4.3 Control instruction | 31 |
| 4.4 Addressing | 34 |
| 4.5 Program representation | 35 |
| 4.6 Bit memories | 37 |
| 5 Logic operations | 39 |
|---|
| 5.1 Basic logic operations | 39 |
| 5.2 Logical AND operation user program | 50 |
| 5.3 Logical OR operation user program | 75 |
| 6 Program Input | 85 |
|---|
| 6.1 AND before OR | 85 |
| 6.2 OR before AND | 88 |
| 6.3 Poll for signal state 0 | 91 |
| 6.4 Exclusive OR operation | 94 |
| 6.5 Polling outputs | 96 |
| 6.6 Inserting networks | 98 |
| 6.7 Latch circuit with the PC | 101 |
| 6.8 Practical examples of control with the PC | 105 |
| 6.9 Flip-flop | 116 |
| 7 Creating Momentary Impulses (Edge Instructions) | 127 |
|---|
| 7.1 Momentary impulse with a rising edge (FP) | 127 |
| 7.2 Momentary impulse with a falling edge (FN) | 128 |
| 7.3 Program input | 128 |
| 7.4 Acknowledgement circuit | 132 |
| 8 Timing Functions | 135 |
|---|
| 8.1 Timing value specification | 135 |
| 8.2 Release a time (FR) | 136 |
| 8.3 Current value | 136 |
| 8.4 Reset time | 137 |
| 8.5 Selection of times (five different ones) | 137 |
| 9 Clock Generators | 153 |
|---|
| 9.1 PC program input with clock generator | 154 |
| 10 Counters | 163 |
|---|
| 10.1 Load and transfer functions | 163 |
| 10.2 Counter functions | 164 |
| 10.3 PC program input cleaning bath | 167 |
| 11 Comparators | 169 |
|---|
| 11.1 Comparison functions | 169 |
| 11.2 PC program input runway light | 171 |
| 11.3 Program input sequence function | 174 |
| 12 Practical Examples with Simulators | 177 |
|---|
| 12.1 Seven-segment display | 177 |
| 12.2 Star-delta starting | 179 |
| 12.3 Traffic light controller | 181 |
| 12.4 Conveyor belt controller | 183 |
| 12.5 Reaction vessel | 186 |
| 12.6 Container filling system | 188 |
| 12.7 Automatic tablet filler | 190 |
| 12.8 Door access control system | 193 |
| 12.9 Pump controller | 195 |
| 13 Sequence Control Systems | 199 |
|---|
| 13.1 Introduction | 199 |
| 13.2 Components of a sequence control system | 200 |
| 13.3 Type of representation | 201 |
| 13.4 Linear sequence cascade | 202 |
| 13.5 Sheet metal bending device | 202 |
| 14 Safety Regulations | 207 |
|---|
| 14.1 Rules | 207 |
| 14.2 Emergency STOP control release | 208 |
| 14.3 Example of a control release | 209 |
| Appendix | 211 |
|---|
| Example of a solution according to chapter 6.8.1 | 212 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 6.8.2 | 214 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 6.8.3 | 216 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 6.8.4 | 218 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 6.8.5 | 220 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 6.8.6 | 222 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 6.9.3 | 226 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 7.4 | 230 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 8.6.1 | 233 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 8.6.2 | 234 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 8.6.3 | 240 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 9.1.1 | 246 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 9.1.2 | 247 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 9.1.3 | 250 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 10.3 | 252 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 11.2 | 258 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 11.3 | 265 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 12.1 | 268 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 12.2 | 284 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 12.3 | 290 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 12.4 | 298 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 12.5 | 307 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 12.6 | 312 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 12.7 | 319 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 12.8 | 337 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 12.9 | 351 |
| Example of a solution according to chapter 13.5 | 367 |
