: Thomas Neumann
: The Duty to Cooperate in International Sales The Scope and Role of Article 80 CISG
: sellier.european law publishers
: 9783866539624
: 1
: CHF 43.50
:
: Internationales Recht, Ausländisches Recht
: English
: 291
: DRM
: PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
: PDF
< >This book is the first ever comprehensive analysis of the scope and role of the exemption clause in Article 80 of the International Sales Convention (CISG). The book accounts for the historical background of Article 80, the relation to other provisions (Articles 77 and 79), the underlying principles and the connection to good faith, and argues that the provision is an expression of the duty to cooperate.

Furthermore, the conditions for applying the exemption rule and the legal consequences of application are clarified to the benefit of any practitioner. A chapter on homeward trends points out some of the challenges that Article 80 poses to international uniformity. Extensive comparisons to UPICC and PECL are carried out. The book is relevant to scholars, adjudicators and practitioners alike.
Preface5
Chapter7
Abbreviations and Terminology15
1. Introduction19
1.1 Article 80 and the Goal of Uniformity20
1.2 Purpose and Relevance22
1.3 Delimitation24
1.4 Outline of Presentation24
2. Methodology Considerations27
2.1 The General Rules of Interpretation27
2.1.1 Application as Customary Law28
2.1.2 Relevance of State to State Regulation29
2.1.3 Purpose and Political Nature of the CISG31
2.2 The Specific Rule of Autonomous Interpretation35
2.2.1 Considering the International Character of CISG37
2.2.2 Promoting Uniform Application40
2.2.2.1 Accessibility of Case Law43
2.2.2.2 Scholarly Works44
2.2.3 Interpreting in Good Faith45
2.3 Litteral Interpretation as the Starting Point48
2.3.1 Discrepancies Between the Convention Texts50
2.4 Supplementing the Convention Text53
2.4.1 How to Identify Underlying Principles54
2.4.2 Implications of Having Identified Underlying Principles56
2.4.2.1 Expansion of Scope of the CISG56
2.4.2.2 Expansion of Interpretation Aids57
2.5 The Use of Soft Law as Interpretation Aid58
2.5.1 Sources of Lex Mercatoria60
2.5.2 Value of Soft Law and Interpretation Aid63
2.5.3 Temporal Issue64
2.5.4 Limits to the Use of Soft Law65
2.6 Sources Superseding the Convention Text66
2.6.1 The Unequivocal Agreement by the Parties66
2.6.2 Interpretation of the Parties’ Agreement67
2.6.3 Relevance of Practice and Usages70
2.7 The Methodology and Sources Summarised73
3. Development77
3.1 ULIS and ULF78
3.2 The Drafting of CISG and Article 8080
3.2.1 Wording and Placement81
3.2.2 Motivation to Maximise Adoption84
3.2.3 A Last-Minute Inclusion85
3.2.4 An Expression of an Underlying Principle86
3.2.5 Broad Interpretation Appropriate87
3.3 Developments Compared to the Pre-CISG Rule88
3.4 Latest Developments in Other Instruments91
3.5 Concluding Argument93
4. Comparison to Other Provisions95
4.1 A Unique Concept of Contribution to Failure to Perform95
4.1.1 Systematic Context96
4.1.2 The Cause of the Detriment97
4.1.2.1 Impediments Beyond Control98
4.1.2.2 Mitigation of Loss99
4.1.2.3 The Promisee’s Contribution to Promisor’s Non-Performance100
4.1.3 Foreseeability and Duty to Avoid/Overcome the Cause of Detriment103
4.1.3.1 Strict Conditions under Article 79104
4.1.3.2 Less Strict Conditions under Article 77105
4.1.3.3 Lowest Restriction under Article 80106
4.1.4 Burden of Proof108
4.1.5 Duty to Give Notice110
4.1.6 Remedies Affected111
4.2 A Supplementary Rule112
4.2.1 Conformity, Article 35113
4.2.2 Price Reduction, Article 50117
4.2.3 Third Party Rights, Article 42118
4.3 Lex Specialis120
4.4 Concluding Argument121
5. Underlying Principles and Good Faith125
5.1 Principles Underlying Article 80127
5.1.1 Positively Phrased Duties128
5.1.2 Negatively Phrased Duties131
5.2 A General Duty of Good Faith and Fair Dealing134
5.2.1 Article 80’s Connection to Good Faith137
5.2.2 Controversy During the Drafting140
5.2.2.1 Arguments Contrary to a General Duty141
5.2.2.2 Arguments in Favour of a General Duty142
5.2.2.3 Subsequent Development143
5.2.2.4 Common Law Development145
5.2.2.5 A Common Core149
5.3 Article 80 as a Solution to the Dangers of Good Faith151
5.3.1 Definition and Dangers of Good Faith152
5.3.2 Overlap in Application of Article 80, Underlying Principles and Good Faith155
5.4 Concluding Argument159
6. Conditions for Exemption161
6.1 Non-performance by the Promisor161
6.1.1 Non-performance Imputable to Both Parties163
6.1.2 Suspension of Performance as Breach of Contract164
6.2 Causal Link to the Promisee165
6.2.1 Sole Causation and Competing Causes165
6.2.1.1 Promisee’s Sole Interference166
6.2.1.2 Mixed Causation168
6.2.1.3 Shared Responsibility170
6.2.2 Requirements to the Strength of the Causal Link175
6.3 Act or Omission by the Promisee180
6.3.1 Direct Interference and Breach of Duties181