| Acknowledgements | 7 |
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| Chapter 1. Introduction | 13 |
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| 1. Motivation for the study | 13 |
| 1.1. Theories of word learning | 14 |
| 2. The study | 21 |
| 2.1. The children | 21 |
| 2.2. Communicative abilities of the children | 22 |
| 3. Outline of monograph | 23 |
| Chapter 2. What is autism? | 25 |
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| 1. The emergence of autism as a syndrome | 25 |
| 2. Autism: The current perspective | 30 |
| 2.1. Autism and behaviour | 31 |
| 2.2. Autism and aetiology | 35 |
| 2.3. Autism and cognitive abilities | 37 |
| 2.4. Autism and language | 46 |
| 3. Diagnosis and assessment | 51 |
| 4. Conclusion | 54 |
| Chapter 3. Understanding actions, states and events: Verb learning in children in children with autism | 56 |
|---|
| 1. Introduction | 56 |
| 2. Preliminaries | 57 |
| 2.1. The study | 57 |
| 2.2. Semantic categories | 58 |
| 3. Semantic profiles by category | 59 |
| 3.1. Activity | 59 |
| 3.2. Change of state | 63 |
| 3.3. Stative | 65 |
| 3.4. Deictic | 68 |
| 3.5. Desire | 70 |
| 3.6. Emotion | 73 |
| 3.7. Perception | 76 |
| 3.8. Communication | 79 |
| 3.9. Mental state | 81 |
| 3.10. Causative | 84 |
| 3.11. Abstract | 87 |
| 3.12. Modal auxiliaries | 90 |
| 3.13. Misuses | 93 |
| 3.14. Lexical innovations | 95 |
| 4. Overview | 96 |
| 4.1. Semantic profile of verb use | 96 |
| 4.2. The developmental path of verb acquisition | 97 |
| 4.3. Lexical diversity | 100 |
| 5. Conclusion | 103 |
| Chapter 4. Understanding space and time: Preposition learning in children with autism | 105 |
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| 1. Introduction | 105 |
| 2. Theoretical background | 106 |
| 3. Semantic profiles by category | 107 |
| 3.1. Spatial | 107 |
| 3.2. Temporal | 112 |
| 3.3. Abstract | 114 |
| 3.4. Grammatical | 117 |
| 3.5. Misuses | 119 |
| 4. Detailed examination of the prepositions in, on, up, and at | 121 |
| 4.1. In | 121 |
| 4.2. On | 126 |
| 4.3. Up | 130 |
| 4.4. At | 133 |
| 5. Overview: Developmental flowchart | 138 |
| 6. Conclusion | 141 |
| Chapter 5. Verbs of thought, desire, and speech in grammatical development | 142 |
|---|
| 1. Introduction | 142 |
| 2. Verbs of desire | 143 |
| 3. Verbs of cognition | 147 |
| 4. Verbs of communication | 150 |
| 5. Summary | 154 |
| 6. Theory of mind and complex clauses | 155 |
| 6.1. Theory of mind development | 155 |
| 6.2. Syntactic complements and theory of mind development | 159 |
| 6.3. Verbs of communication and theory of mind development | 162 |
| 6.4. Complex sentences and theories of language acquisition | 164 |
| 7. Conclusion | 172 |
| Chapter 6. Issues and implications | 173 |
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| 1. Overview of study | 173 |
| 2. Semantic development | 175 |
| 3. The effect of autism on the interrelatedness of verbs and prepositions | 184 |
| 4. Theory of mind and complementation | 187 |
| 5. The origin of grammar: A perspective from autism | 189 |
| 6. Final comments | 194 |
| Notes | 197 |
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| References | 198 |
|---|
| Index | 234 |