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Chemistry of High-Energy Materials

:	Thomas M. Klapötke
:	Chemistry of High-Energy Materials
:	Walter de Gruyter GmbH& Co.KG
:	9783110227840
:	De Gruyter Textbook
:	1
:	CHF 48.60
:

:	Anorganische Chemie
:	English

:	244
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

< >This graduate-level textbook treats the basic chemistry of high energy materials - primary and secondary explosives, propellants, rocket fuel and pyrotechnics - andprovides a review of new research developments. Applications in both military and civil fields are discussed. The book also offers new insights into 'green' chemistry requirements and strategies for military applications. This work should be of interest to advanced students in chemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as all those working indefense technology.

< >Thomas M. Klapötke, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.

	Preface to this English edition	6
	Preface to the first German edition	8
	Contents	10
	1 Introduction	14
	1.1 Historical Overview	14
	1.2 New Developments	20
	1.2.1 Polymer-Bonded Explosives	20
	1.2.2 New High (Secondary) Explosives	22
	1.2.3 New Primary Explosives	30
	1.2.4 New Oxidizers for Solid Rocket Motors	32
	1.3 Definitions	33
	1.4 Combustion, Deflagration, Detonation — A Short Introduction	37
	1.4.1 Fire and Combustion	37
	1.4.2 Deflagration and Detonation	40
	2 Classification of Energetic Materials	42
	2.1 Primary Explosives	42
	2.2 High (Secondary) Explosives	44
	2.3 Propellant Charges	51
	2.4 Rocket Propellants	53
	2.4.1 Chemical Thermal Propulsion (CTP)	64
	2.5 Pyrotechnics	65
	2.5.1 Detonators, Initiators, Delay Compositions and Heat-Generating Pyrotechnics	65
	2.5.2 Light-Generating Pyrotechnics	68
	2.5.3 Decoy Flares	72
	2.5.4 Smoke Munitions	78
	2.5.5 Near-Infrared (NIR) Compositions	81
	3 Detonation, Detonation Velocity and Detonation Pressure	84
	4 Thermodynamics	88
	4.1 Theoretical Basis	88
	4.2 Computational Methods	94
	4.2.1 Thermodynamics	94
	4.2.2 Detonation Parameters	97
	4.2.3 Combustion Parameters	101
	4.2.4 Example: Theoretical Evaluation of New Solid Rocket Propellants	105
	4.2.5 Example: EXPLO5 Calculation of the Gun Propellant Properties of Single, Double and Triple Base Propellants	112
	5 Initiation	114
	6 Experimental Characterization of Explosives	116
	6.1 Sensitivities	116
	6.2 Long-Term Stabilities	121
	6.3 Insensitive Munitions	123
	6.4 Gap Test	125
	6.5 Classification	126
	7 Special Aspects of Explosives	130
	7.1 Shaped Charges	130
	7.2 Detonation Velocities	136
	7.3 Gurney Model	141
	7.3.1 Example: Calculation of the Gurney Velocity for a General Purpose Bomb	146
	8 Correlation between the Electrostatic Potential and the Impact Sensitivity	148
	8.1 Electrostatic Potentials	148
	8.2 Volume-Based Sensitivities	151
	9 Design of Novel Energetic Materials	154
	9.1 Classification	154
	9.2 Polynitrogen Compounds	156
	9.3 High-Nitrogen Compounds	161
	9.3.1 Tetrazole and Dinitramide Chemistry	162
	9.3.2 Tetrazole, Tetrazine and Trinitroethyl Chemistry	169
	9.3.3 Ionic Liquids	174
	9.4 Dinitroguanidine Derivatives	175
	10 Synthesis of Energetic Materials	178
	10.1 Molecular Building Blocks	178
	10.2 Nitration Reactions	179
	10.3 Processing	184
	11 Safe Handling of Energetic Materials in the Laboratory	186
	11.1 General	186
	11.2 Protective Equipment	187
	11.3 Laboratory Equipment	189
	12 Energetic Materials of the Future	192
	13 Related Topics	198
	13.1 Thermobaric Weapons	198
	13.2 Agent Defeat Weapons	200
	13.3 Nanothermites	201
	13.3.1 Example: Iron Oxide /Aluminum Thermite	207
	13.3.2 Example: Copper Oxide /Aluminum Thermite	208
	13.3.3 Example: Molybdenum Trioxide /Aluminum Thermite	209
	14 Study Questions	212
	15 Literature	216
	16 Appendix	224
	Author	234
	Index	236