| Preface | 223 |
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| 8 | 223 |
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| Contents | 223 |
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| 10 | 223 |
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| Contributors | 223 |
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| 12 | 223 |
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| Chapter 1: | 223 |
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| 15 | 223 |
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| 1.1 Introduction | 15 |
| 1.2 Some Well-Known Circular Models | 16 |
| 1.3 Introducing Asymmetry | 17 |
| 1.4 Axial Models | 18 |
| 1.5 Asymmetric Axial Models | 21 |
| 1.6 Bivariate Axial Distributions | 22 |
| References | 23 |
| Chapter 2: | 23 |
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| 24 | 23 |
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| 2.1 Introduction | 24 |
| 2.2 Preliminaries | 26 |
| 2.3 Assumptions and Main Results | 29 |
| 2.4 Proof of Theorems and Corollary 2.1 | 32 |
| References | 38 |
| Chapter 3: | 38 |
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| 39 | 38 |
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| 3.1 Introduction | 39 |
| 3.2 Data | 40 |
| 3.3 Multivariate Regression Models with Space-Time ARMA Errors | 42 |
| 3.3.1 The Model | 42 |
| 3.3.2 Model Estimation and Model Selection | 43 |
| 3.4 Asymptotic Properties and Simulations | 45 |
| 3.5 Simulation Study | 54 |
| 3.5.1 Model 1 | 54 |
| 3.5.2 Model 2 | 54 |
| 3.5.3 Model 3 | 55 |
| 3.6 Real Data Analysis | 55 |
| 3.7 Conclusion | 61 |
| References | 61 |
| Chapter 4: | 61 |
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| 63 | 61 |
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| 4.1 Introduction | 63 |
| 4.2 Information Theoretic Results for Directional Distributions | 65 |
| 4.3 Other Properties | 69 |
| References | 79 |
| Chapter 5: | 79 |
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| 81 | 79 |
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| 5.1 Introduction | 81 |
| 5.2 Theory | 82 |
| 5.2.1 Estimation of the Asymptotic Variance | 85 |
| 5.3 Simulation Studies | 86 |
| 5.4 An Example | 89 |
| 5.5 Conclusion | 90 |
| References | 93 |
| Chapter 6: | 93 |
|---|
| 96 | 93 |
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| 6.1 Introduction | 96 |
| 6.2 Model Description | 97 |
| 6.2.1 Heteroscedastic Model | 97 |
| 6.2.2 Homoscedastic Model | 99 |
| 6.3 Model Fitting and Estimation | 99 |
| 6.3.1 Heteroscedastic Model | 100 |
| 6.3.2 Homoscedastic Model | 101 |
| 6.4 A Simulation Study | 102 |
| 6.5 Application to Spellman Data | 104 |
| 6.6 Conclusion | 106 |
| References | 106 |
| Chapter 7: | 106 |
|---|
| 108 | 106 |
|---|
| 7.1 Introduction | 108 |
| 7.2 Markov Chain Monte Carlo Stochastic Approximation Algorithms | 109 |
| 7.3 Simulations | 111 |
| 7.4 A Hybrid Algorithm | 116 |
| 7.5 Conclusions | 121 |
| References | 121 |
| Chapter 8: | 121 |
|---|
| 123 | 121 |
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| 8.1 Introduction | 123 |
| 8.2 Stochastic Orders | 124 |
| 8.3 Spacings | 127 |
| 8.3.1 One-Sample Problem | 128 |
| 8.3.2 Two-Samples Problem | 129 |
| 8.4 Sample Range | 134 |
| 8.5 Applications | 135 |
| 8.5.1 Type-II Censoring | 135 |
| 8.5.2 Reliability | 136 |
| 8.5.3 Dependence Orderings Among Order Statistics | 137 |
| References | 137 |
| Chapter 9: | 137 |
|---|
| 140 | 137 |
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| 9.1 Introduction | 140 |
| 9.2 Models with Deterministic Number of Terms | 142 |
| 9.2.1 Peak to Sum Ratio | 142 |
| 9.2.2 Peak to Average Ratio | 144 |
| 9.3 Models with Random Number of Terms | 144 |
| 9.3.1 Peak to Sum Ratio | 144 |
| 9.3.2 Peak to Average Ratio | 145 |
| 9.4 Geometric Example | 146 |
| 9.5 An Illustrative Data Example | 148 |
| References | 150 |
| Chapter 10: | 150 |
|---|
| 152 | 150 |
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| 10.1 Introduction | 152 |
| 10.2 Main Results | 153 |
| 10.3 Almost Sure Limits | 156 |
| 10.4 Asymptotic Normality | 158 |
| 10.5 Partial Loss of Association | 160 |
| 10.6 Conclusion | 161 |
| References | 163 |
| Chapter 11: | 163 |
|---|
| 164 | 163 |
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| 11.1 Introduction | 164 |
| 11.2 Main Result | 170 |
| 11.3 Large Deviation Results | 174 |
| Appendix | 178 |
| References | 178 |
| Chapter 12: | 178 |
|---|
| 181 | 178 |
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| 12.1 Introduction | 181 |
| 12.2 Time Series Models | 182 |
| 12.3 Innovations | 183 |
| 12.4 Market Setting and Data | 187 |
| 12.5 SARIMA Model of Balancing Energy Demand | 189 |
| 12.6 Innovation Distribution | 192 |
| 12.7 Conclusion | 193 |
| References | 195 |
| Chapter 13: | 195 |
|---|
| 197 | 195 |
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| 13.1 Introduction | 197 |
| 13.2 Results | 198 |
| 13.3 Proofs | 201 |
| References | 207 |
| Chapter 14: | 207 |
|---|
| 208 | 207 |
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| 14.1 Introduction | 208 |
| 14.2 Classification | 209 |
| 14.2.1 Conventional Classification Methods | 210 |
| 14.2.1.1 Parametric Model | 210 |
| 14.2.1.2 Nonparametric Model | 211 |
| 14.2.2 Nonparametric Classification: New Developments | 212 |
| 14.2.3 Probabilistic Classifier | 215 |
| 14.2.4 Applications of the Probabilistic Classifier | 217 |
| 14.3 k-NN Estimation in Natural Resources | 219 |
| 14.4 Final Remarks | 221 |
| References | 222 |
| Chapter 15: | 222 |
|---|
| 224 | 222 |
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| 15.1 Introduction | 224 |
| 15.2 An Illustrative Example | 226 |
| 15.3 Dermal Patch Problem | 226 |
| 15.4 Patterns in Coin Tossing | 228 |
| 15.5 Chemical Bonding Problem | 232 |
| 15.6 Yell Game | 234 |
| 15.7 Noodles Problem | 235 |
| 15.7.1 Introduction | 235 |
| 15.7.2 Expected Value | 236 |
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