| Foreword | 5 |
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| Preface | 7 |
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| Acknowledgments | 9 |
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| Contents | 11 |
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| List of Figures | 17 |
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| List of Tables | 20 |
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| Abbreviations | 22 |
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| 1 Sustainability Matters | 25 |
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| 1.1 Multi Development | 28 |
| 1.1.1 Multi's Sustainability Principles | 28 |
| 1.1.2 Turning Principles into Development Activity | 29 |
| 1.1.3 Getting the Company on Board | 30 |
| 1.1.4 Getting the Customers on Board | 31 |
| 1.2 Sonae Sierra | 31 |
| 1.2.1 Sustainability | 32 |
| 1.2.2 Implementation Issues | 35 |
| Examples of Sonae Sierras Approach to Sustainability | 31 |
| 1.3 Marks and Spencer | 36 |
| 1.3.1 Beyond Environmentalism | 37 |
| 1.3.2 2008 Plan A Update | 37 |
| 1.4 Regency Centers | 38 |
| 1.4.1 Branding | 39 |
| 1.4.2 Training | 39 |
| 1.4.3 Capital Allocation | 40 |
| 1.4.4 Developing a Sustainability Program | 40 |
| 1.4.5 Taking a Larger Perspective | 41 |
| 1.4.6 Progress | 41 |
| 1.5 Summary | 42 |
| References | 42 |
| 2 Green Buildings Around the World | 44 |
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| 2.1 Why Retail Should Go Green | 45 |
| 2.2 North American Case Studies | 46 |
| 2.2.1 Developer Case Studies | 46 |
| 2.2.1.1 Northfield Stapleton | 46 |
| 2.2.1.2 Abercorn Common | 47 |
| 2.2.1.3 First Capital Realty | 48 |
| 2.2.2 Retailer Case Studies | 50 |
| 2.2.2.1 Giant Eagle Supermarket | 50 |
| 2.2.2.2 Home Depot of Canada | 51 |
| 2.3 United Kingdom (U.K.) | 52 |
| 2.3.1 Cabot Circus | 52 |
| 2.3.1.1 Sustainability Guidelines | 53 |
| 2.4 Austria | 55 |
| 2.5 Japan | 56 |
| 2.6 Australia | 57 |
| 2.7 Turkey | 58 |
| 2.8 Singapore | 59 |
| 2.9 China | 60 |
| 2.9.1 LeSong Mall | 60 |
| 2.9.1.1 Energy Efficiency Measures | 61 |
| 2.9.2 Central Walk | 61 |
| 2.10 Summary | 62 |
| References | 62 |
| 3 What Is a Green Building? | 64 |
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| 3.1 Green Buildings Since 2000 | 64 |
| 3.2 High-Performance Building Characteristics | 66 |
| 3.3 Green Building Practices | 68 |
| 3.4 The LEED Rating Systems | 68 |
| 3.4.1 LEED for New Construction | 72 |
| 3.4.2 LEED for Core and Shell Buildings | 73 |
| 3.4.3 LEED for Commercial Interiors | 74 |
| 3.4.4 LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations and Maintenance | 74 |
| 3.4.5 LEED for Neighborhood Development | 75 |
| 3.5 Typical Green Building Measures | 76 |
| 3.6 To LEED or to Lead? | 78 |
| 3.6.1 Building Commissioning | 78 |
| 3.6.2 Low-Toxicity Finishes | 79 |
| 3.7 LEED for Retail | 80 |
| 3.8 The Future of High-Performance Buildings in the U.S. | 81 |
| 3.9 Non-U.S. Green Building Rating Systems | 82 |
| 3.9.1 BREEAM | 83 |
| 3.10 Summary | 87 |
| References | 87 |
| 4 The Business Case for Green Retail | 89 |
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| 4.1 Who Benefits and Who Pays? | 89 |
| 4.2 The Developers Perspective | 90 |
| 4.2.1 The Entitlement Process | 92 |
| 4.2.2 Cost Offsets | 92 |
| 4.2.3 Tax and Other Incentives in the U.S. | 93 |
| 4.2.4 Renewable Energy Incentives in the U.S. | 93 |
| 4.3 Branding and Marketing | 93 |
| 4.4 Case StudyFirst Capital Realty, Toronto, Canada | 94 |
| 4.4.1 Business Case Factors | 94 |
| 4.4.2 Financial and Nonfinancial Incentives | 94 |
| 4.4.3 Challenges | 95 |
| 4.5 The Retailers Perspective | 95 |
| 4.5.1 Reputation Capital | 96 |
| 4.5.2 CFOs Going Green | 96 |
| 4.6 Six Key Areas of Focus for Green Retailing | 97 |
| 4.7 Consumer Demand | 97 |
| 4.8 Challenges for Greening the Retail Sector | 98 |
| 4.8.1 Tenant Guidelines | 98 |
| References | 99 |
| 5 Costs of Greening Buildings and Developments | 100 |
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| 5.1 Barriers to Green Building Growth | 101 |
| 5.2 Hard and Soft Cost Elements | 102 |
| 5.3 Cost Drivers | 104 |
| 5.3.1 Design Team Capabilities | 104 |
| 5.3.2 Design Process and Scope | 104 |
| 5.4 The Cost of Learning to Be Green | 105 |
| 5.5 Cost of a Developers Sustainability Initiative | 106 |
| 5.6 Summary | 107 |
| References | 107 |
| 6 Solar Power | 108 |
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| 6.1 The Solar Power Movement | 108 |
| 6.2 Solar Technology | 111 |
| 6.3 The Current Market | 111 |
| 6.4 Economics of PV Solar Power | 113 |
| 6.5 Financial Benefits of PV Solar Power | 114 |
| 6.6 Noneconomic Benefits of Solar Power | 115 |
| 6.7 The Solar Services Model | 116 |
| 6.8 Summary | 117 |
| References | 117 |
| 7 Greening Shopping Centers | 120 |
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| 7.1 European Green Building Programs | 120 |
| 7.1.1 SES SPAR European Shopping Centers, Austria | 120 |
| 7.1.2 Forum Duisburg, Germany | 122 |
| 7.1.3 ECE, Germany | 123 |
| 7.1.4 PRUPIM, U.K. | 124 |
| 7.1.5 Redevco, U.K. | 126 |
| 7.2 North America | 127 |
| 7.2.1 Uptown Monterey Shopping Center, Monterey, California | 128 |
| 7.2.2 Green Circle Shopping Center, Springfield, Missouri | 128 |
| 7.2.3 Station Park Green, San Mateo, California | 128 |
| 7.2.4 Northgate Mall Redevelopment, San Rafael, California | 129 |
| 7.2.5 Tanger Outlet Center at the Arches, Deer Park, New York | 131 |
| 7.3 Summary | 131 |
| References | 132 |
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