| Preface | 6 |
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| Contents | 8 |
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| Contributors | 13 |
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| 1 Water Soluble Poly(.uorene) Homopolymers and Copolymers for Chemical and Biological Sensors | 16 |
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| 1.1 Introduction | 16 |
| 1.2 General Structures and Properties | 17 |
| 1.3 Signal Transduction Mechanisms in Sensors | 24 |
| 1.4 Chemo- and Biosensor Applications | 30 |
| 1.5 Heterogeneous Platforms | 46 |
| 1.6 Summary and Outlook | 47 |
| References | 49 |
| 2 Polyelectrolyte-Based Fluorescent Sensors | 53 |
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| 2.1 General Introduction | 53 |
| 2.2 Enzyme Activity Assays | 58 |
| 2.3 Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Surface-Grafted Colloids | 68 |
| 2.4 Summary and Conclusions | 71 |
| References | 72 |
| 3 Structurally Integrated Photoluminescent Chemical and Biological Sensors: An Organic Light-Emitting Diode-Based Platform | 75 |
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| 3.1 Introduction | 75 |
| 3.2 Single Analyte Monitoring | 78 |
| 3.3 Advanced Sensor Arrays | 95 |
| 3.4 Future Directions | 104 |
| 3.5 Summary and Concluding Remarks | 106 |
| References | 106 |
| 4 Lab-on-a-Chip Devices with Organic Semiconductor-Based Optical Detection | 111 |
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| 4.1 Introduction | 111 |
| 4.2 Fabrication | 117 |
| 4.3 Functional Optical Components | 130 |
| 4.4 Applications | 140 |
| 4.5 Conclusions and Outlook | 151 |
| References | 153 |
| 5 Solid-State Chemosensitive Organic Devices for Vapor-Phase Detection | 155 |
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| 5.1 Introduction | 155 |
| 5.2 Survey of State-of-the-Art Vapor-Phase Solid-State Chemosensing Organic Devices | 156 |
| 5.3 Recent Advances | 174 |
| References | 194 |
| 6 Detection of Chemical and Physical Parameters by Means of Organic Field-Effect Transistors | 199 |
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| 6.1 Introduction | 199 |
| 6.2 An Overview of Organic Field-E.ect Sensors | 200 |
| 6.3 (Bio)chemosensing in Solution | 202 |
| 6.4 Strain and Pressure Sensors | 207 |
| 6.5 Design and Technology of Organic Field-Effect Sensors | 216 |
| 6.6 Applications for Organic Field-Effect Sensors | 219 |
| 6.7 Conclusions | 224 |
| References | 224 |
| 7 Performance Requirements and Mechanistic Analysis of Organic Transistor-Based Phosphonate Gas Sensors | 227 |
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| 7.1 Overview of Electronic Sensors for Chemical Vapors and Warfare Agents | 227 |
| 7.2 Organic Semiconductor Transistor Sensors | 230 |
| 7.3 Testing Environments for Prototype Sensing Elements | 233 |
| 7.4 Electrical Test Procedures | 239 |
| 7.5 Responses of Functionalized Organic Semiconductors to DMMP | 242 |
| 7.6 Data Analysis | 248 |
| 7.7 Sensing Mechanisms and OFET Models | 253 |
| 7.8 Summary and Outlook | 256 |
| References | 257 |
| 8 Electrochemical Transistors for Applications in Chemical and Biological Sensing | 259 |
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| 8.1 Introduction | 259 |
| 8.2 Sensors Based on Electrochemical Transistors | 261 |
| 8.3 Recent advances in Design and Fabrication of Eletrochemical Transistors | 272 |
| 8.4 Summary and Future Directions | 274 |
| References | 275 |
| 9 PEDOT:PSS-Based Electrochemical Transistors for Ion-to-Electron Transduction and Sensor Signal Amplification | 276 |
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| 9.1 The PEDOT:PSS-Based Electrochemical Organic Thin Film Transistor | 276 |
| 9.2 The PEDOT:PSS OECT as an Ion-to-Electron Transducer | 282 |
| 9.3 The PEDOT:PSS Electrochemical transistor in logic and amplification circuits | 285 |
| 9.4 Outlook | 291 |
| References | 292 |
| Index | 294 |