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Agent-Based Computational Modelling Applications in Demography, Social, Economic and Environmental Sciences

:	Francesco C. Billari, Thomas Fent, Alexia Prskawetz, Jürgen Scheffran
:	Agent-Based Computational Modelling Applications in Demography, Social, Economic and Environmental Sciences
:	Physica-Verlag
:	9783790817218
:	1
:	CHF 85.30
:

:	Volkswirtschaft
:	English

:	226
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

The present book describes the methodology to set up agent-based models and to study emerging patterns in complex adaptive systems resulting from multi-agent interaction. It offers the application of agent-based models in demography, social and economic sciences and environmental sciences. Examples include population dynamics, evolution of social norms, communication structures, patterns in eco-systems and socio-biology, natural resource management, spread of diseases and development processes. It presents and combines different approaches how to implement agent-based computational models and tools in an integrative manner that can be extended to other cases.

	Preface	7
	Contents	8
	Agent-Based Computational Modelling: An Introduction	10
	1 Agent-Based Modelling: An Emerging Field in	10
	Complex Adaptive Systems	10
	2 From Rational Actors to Agent-Based Models	11
	3 Structure, Behaviour and Interaction of Agents	12
	4 From Micro to Macro: Modelling Population Processes	14
	from the Bottom-Up	14
	5 Population Dynamics from the Bottom-Up: ABCD	17
	6 Contributions of ABMs to Economic, Demographic	18
	and Ecological Analysis	18
	References	23
	Agent-Based Modelling – A Methodology for the Analysis of Qualitative Development Processes	26
	1 Introduction	26
	2 Qualitative Change in an Evolutionary Economics	28
	Perspective	28
	3 A Modelling Approach Allowing for Qualitative	33
	Change: Agent-Based Modelling	33
	4 An Illustrative Example: An Evolutionary Economics	34
	Model of Entrepreneurial Behaviour	34
	5 Conclusions	40
	References	42
	On the Analysis of Asymmetric Directed Communication Structures in Electronic Election Markets	45
	1 Introduction	45
	2 Hilbert Space, Hermitian Matrices, and Asymmetric	46
	Communication Streams	46
	3 Analyzing Market Structure and Behaviour in an	50
	Experimental Forecasting Market	50
	4 Summary	64
	Acknowledgement	65
	References	65
	The Role of Assortative Mating on Population Growth in Contemporary Developed Societies	68
	1 Introduction: Determinants of Fertility - Consequences	68
	and Possible Causes	68
	2 Microsimulation Modelling of Fertility and Nuptiality	71
	3 Results of Models under Alternative Assortative	80
	Mating Assumptions	80
	4 Conclusions	86
	Acknowledgements	87
	References	88
	An Agent-Based Simulation Model of Age-at-Marriage Norms	92
	1 Introduction	92
	2 Empirics	94
	3 The One–Sex Model	96
	4 The Extended Model	97
	5 Simulation Details	104
	6 Results	107
	7 Concluding Remarks	121
	References	122
	The Strength of Social Interactions and Obesity among Women	124
	1 Introduction	124
	2 Theoretical Framework	131
	3 Experiments	136
	4 Conclusion	141
	References	142
	Agent-Based Models in Ecology: Patterns and Alternative Theories of Adaptive Behaviour	145
	1 Introduction	145
	2 Pattern-Oriented Modelling	146
	3 Developing Theory of Adaptive Behaviour	148
	4 Examples	150
	5 Discussion	156
	References	156
	Agent-Based Modelling of Self-Organisation Processes to Support Adaptive Forest Management	159
	1 Introduction	159
	2 Socioeconomic Subsystem	161
	3 Forest Subsystem – Forest Succession Model	168
	4 Implementation of a First Version of the Forest Succession Model	173
	5 Conclusions and Outlook	176
	References	177
	Vampire Bats	177
	179	177
	1 Introduction	179
	2 The Model	180
	3 Simple Loop: Groups and the Evolution of Altruism	183
	4 Complex Loop: Spreading of Altruistic Behaviour	190
	5 Final Discussion	199
	References	200
	How Are Physical and Social Spaces Related? – Cognitive Agents as the Necessary Glue	201
	1 Introduction	201
	2 Example 1 – The Schelling Model of Racial Segregation Extended with a Friendship Network and Fear	204
	3 Example 2 – Social In.uence and Domestic Water Demand	213
	4 Discussion	218
	5 Conclusion	219
	Acknowledgements	219
	References	220
	Agent Design for Agent-Based Modelling	221
	1 Introduction	221
	2 Speci.c and Generic Models	222
	3 Which Agents?	222
	4 What Level of Model Abstraction/Aggregation?	223
	5 What Agent Cognition and what Agent Architecture?	224
	6 Software Platforms	225
	7 Choosing the Agent Architectures	225
	8 An Example: Gerlach’s SPIN Organisations	226
	9 Using Agent-Based Modeling to Verify SPIN Adaptive Functionality	227
	10 SPINS and Terrorist Networks	227
	11 Conclusion	228
	References	228
	List of Contributors	230