| Preface | 5 |
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| Contents | 6 |
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| Contributors | 8 |
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| 1 From Tangible to Intangible Heritage | 10 |
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| The Development of Intangibility as a Concept | 12 |
| Charters, Conventions, and Declarations Cited (Listed by Short and Full Name, Date, Promulgating Organization, Website) | 21 |
| References | 22 |
| 2 The Heritage of Kunqu: Preserving Music and Theater Traditions in China | 24 |
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| Kunqu as Vocal Art | 26 |
| Kunqu’s Association with Theater | 27 |
| Patron, Garden, and Kunqu | 30 |
| The Taiping Uprising and the Modern Kunqu Actors School | 33 |
| Kunqu Under Communism | 36 |
| Kunqu After UNESCO | 40 |
| Conclusion | 43 |
| Notes | 43 |
| References | 44 |
| 3 Partition Memories: The Hidden Healer | 45 |
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| The Project: From Myth to History to Remembering to Healing | 46 |
| Four Previously Unpublished Stories | 48 |
| Ahmed Hayat Kalyar About Sargodha | 48 |
| Maqbool Elahi of Ropar, East Punjab | 48 |
| Mohammed Saeed Awan of Hoshiarpur, East Punjab | 49 |
| Dawood Pervaiz ‘‘From He Knows Not Where’’ | 50 |
| Four Stories Selected from The Tribune | 50 |
| Chaudhry Muhammad Hayat of Gujrat tehsil | 50 |
| Abdur Rab Malik of Quetta, Balochistan | 52 |
| Prem Pandhi, ‘‘Tennis Star’’ | 53 |
| Sughra Rasheed About Jalandhar (Jullundur) | 55 |
| The Power of Stories | 56 |
| Conclusions | 58 |
| Notes | 59 |
| References | 59 |
| 4 Gardens and Landscapes: At the Hinge of Tangible and Intangible Heritage | 60 |
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| An Example of Garden Conservation in China | 60 |
| Defining the Historic Garden | 64 |
| The Garden Groves of the Braj | 66 |
| Gardens of Slave Descendants in Guadeloupe | 67 |
| Municipal Parks Bring Civility and Civilization to British Cities | 69 |
| The Dynamics of ‘‘Gardens and Landscapes’’ Culture in Japan | 70 |
| The Re-creation of a Garden at Koga | 72 |
| The Otagawa Embankment Project in Hiroshima | 76 |
| Conclusion | 80 |
| Notes | 84 |
| References | 84 |
| 5 Preserving the Cultural Landscape Heritage of Champaner-Pavagadh, Gujarat, India | 86 |
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| Champaner-Pavagadh: Past and Present | 86 |
| Cultural Landscape | 94 |
| Architectural Forms and Ornamentation | 96 |
| Water Intelligence | 98 |
| Vision and Movement | 100 |
| Conservation Approaches | 102 |
| Notes | 104 |
| References | 105 |
| 6 Governance and Conservation of the Rapaz Khipu Patrimony | 107 |
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| The Village of Rapaz and the Rapaz Research Project | 108 |
| The Patrimonial Buildings and Their Contents | 109 |
| The Agenda of Conservation | 113 |
| Conserving the Precinct Collaboratively | 115 |
| The Patrimony at Night: Ritual Use | 119 |
| The Patrimony by Day: Tourism and Other Outward-Facing Uses | 124 |
| Conclusions: A Moving Equilibrium | 126 |
| References | 130 |
| 7 Geographies of Memory and Identity in Oceania | 132 |
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| Rural-Urban Migration: Futuna, Vanuatu to Port Vila | 132 |
| A Cosmological Order in the Homeland | 135 |
| A Cosmological Order in Homeland Narratives | 139 |
| Urban Landscapes, Practices, and Ideologies | 143 |
| Intangible Heritage in Transforming Contexts | 144 |
| Conclusions | 148 |
| Notes | 149 |
| References | 149 |
| 8 Combating Attempts of Elision: African American Accomplishments at New Philadelphia, Illinois | 152 |
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| Aspects of Globalization and Attempted Erasure | 153 |
| Histories of Adversity and Success | 155 |
| Concepts of Heritage and the Paradox of Culture | 164 |
| Conclusion | 168 |
| References | 169 |
| 9 Folk Epigraphy at the World Trade Center, Oklahoma City, and Beyond | 174 |
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| Folk Assemblages | 175 |
| Folk Epigraphy | 177 |
| Archiving the Ephemeral | 182 |
| Inscription and (Im)permanence | 185 |
| Notes | 187 |
| References | 188 |
| 10 Problematizing Technologies for Documenting Intangible Culture: Some Positive and Negative Consequences | 190 |
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| Ideological Presuppositions of UNESCO | 192 |
| Yuchi: Problematic Technologies in Documenting Living and Dying Language | 194 |
| Xavante: Maximizing Opportunities and Technologies to Circulate Culture | 196 |
| Conclusion | 202 |
| Notes | 203 |
| References | 203 |
| Index | 206 |