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We Are Being Transformed Deification in Paul's Soteriology

:	M. David Litwa
:	We Are Being Transformed Deification in Paul's Soteriology
:	Walter de Gruyter GmbH& Co.KG
:	9783110283419
:	Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche WissenschaftISSN
:	1
:	CHF 136.70
:

:	Christentum
:	English

:	343
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

< >Can Pauline soteriology be categorized as a form of deification? This book attempts to answer this question by keen attention to the Greco-Roman world. Deification, it is argued, provides a new historical category of perception by which to deepen our knowledge of the Apostle’s soteriological thought in its own time. The range of topics discussed here should interest a wide array of scholars in the fields of Hebrew Bible, New Testament, Classics, and Patristics. /P>

< >M. David Litwa, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

	Abbreviations	15
	Introduction: The Logic and History of Deification in Pauline Research	17
	Transcendence and Deification in Hellenistic Religion	17
	The “Otherness” of Deification	22
	Paul and Deification	26
	History of Research	29
	Recent Research on Paul and Deification	37
	Results	43
	The Method of this Study	46
	Conclusion: A Working Definition of Deification, and Issues of Clarification	47
	Part I: The Context of Deification in Paul	51
	Chapter 1: What is a God? Defining Divinity in the Greco-Roman World	53
	Introduction	53
	Formulating the Right Question	54
	Divinity in the Greco-Roman World	57
	Immortality	60
	Power	62
	Power, Divinity, and Kings	63
	Ancient Jewish Conceptions of Divinity	66
	The Pauline Understanding of Divinity	71
	Conclusion	73
	Chapter 2: Survey of Deification: Assimilation to Specific Deities	74
	Introduction	74
	The Greek Vocabulary of Deification	74
	Evaluation	77
	Deification in Homer	78
	Deification in Hesiod, Pindar, and the Homeric Poets	79
	Historical Precursors to Ruler Cult	82
	Deification in the Ruler Cult	84
	Philip II	84
	Demetrius Poliorcetes	87
	Ruler Cult in Ptolemaic Egypt	90
	Ptolemaic Assimilation to Dionysus	93
	Background on Dionysus-Osiris	93
	The Beginnings of Roman Ruler Cult: Marc Antony’s Assimilation to Dionysus	97
	Conclusion	101
	Chapter 3 : The Jewish Roots of Deification	102
	Introduction: Jews and Greeks on the Boundaries Between the Human and the Divine	102
	The Biblical Roots of Deification	113
	The Meaning of Iconic Similarity	116
	The Glorified Moses in Philo	122
	Sharing God’s Divine Sovereignty: The Divinity of Israelite Kings	125
	Conclusion	131
	Part II Sharing the Divine Identity	133
	Chapter 4: Divine Corporeality and the Pneumatic Body	135
	Introduction	135
	The Bodies of the Gods	136
	From the Glory Body to the Pneumatic Body	143
	The Problem at Corinth	144
	The Nature of Paul’s Pneumatic Body	145
	Comparison of the Pauline Pneumatic Body with the Stoic Soul	153
	Celestial Immortality	156
	Celestial Immortality in Jewish Sources	163
	Paul and Celestial Immortality	164
	Chapter 5: Divine Corporeality and Deification	168
	Introduction	168
	Celestial Immortality as Deification	168
	The Divinity of the Heavens	170
	The Human Pneuma as a Divine Reality	174
	Deification in Paul	177
	Connaturality	182
	Conclusion	185
	Chapter 6: Deification and the Cosmic Rule of the Saints	188
	Introduction	188
	The Battle of the Gods: Cultural Antecedents	189
	Paul’s Myth of Battling Gods	192
	The Rule of the Saints in Pre-Christian Judaism	195
	Paul and the Promise of Eschatological Lordship	198
	Results: The Question of Deification	204
	Conclusion	206
	Chapter 7: Paul and Moral Assimilation to God	209
	Introduction	209
	Platonic Assimilation to God	211
	Virtue and Deification	212
	The Mode of Deification through Moral Virtue	216
	Paul, Virtue, Self-Transcendence, and the Question of Deification	222
	Deepening the Comparison	225
	Paul and Assimilation to God	228
	2 Corinthians 3:18 as Moral Assimilation to God	232
	Conclusion	239
	Part III: Addressing the Challenges: Monotheism and Divine Transcendence	243
	Chapter 8: Monotheism and Divine Multiplicity	245
	Problematizing Exclusivist Monotheism	247
	Towards a Theory of Ancient Jewish Monotheism	255
	The Status of Other Numina	261
	Paul and Summodeism	264
	The Meaning of God’s Oneness in Ancient Judaism	267
	Conclusion	272
	Chapter 9: Creation and the Objection of Absolute Transcendence	274
	Introduction	274
	Shareable and Unshareable Divinity	278
	Mediate Divinity and Participation	279
	Non-creating and Created Gods	282
	God the Creator	286
	The Question of Idolatry	290
	Conclusion	290
	Excursus: Worship and Divinity	291
	Conclusion	298
	Limitations and Clarifications	299
	Results	315
	Bibliography	317
	Primary Sources	317
	Secondary Sources	321
	Subject Index	342