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Bio-Inspired Silicon-Based Materials

:	Paul Zelisko
:	Bio-Inspired Silicon-Based Materials
:	Springer-Verlag
:	9789401794398
:	1
:	CHF 89.50
:

:	Anorganische Chemie
:	English

:	132
:	Wasserzeichen/DRM
:	PC/MAC/eReader/Tablet
:	PDF

The contributed volume addresses a wide range of topics including, but not limited to, biotechnology, synthetic chemistry, polymer chemistry and materials chemistry. The book will serve as a specialized review of the field of biologically inspired silicon-based structures. Researchers studying biologically inspired silicon materials chemistry will find this volume invaluable.

	Contents	6
	Contributors	8
	Chapter-1	10
	Silicon in a Biological Environment	10
	1.1 Silicon-Based Life: Science-Fiction?	10
	1.2 Not Science Fiction After All: Plants, Diatoms, and Sponges	11
	1.2.1 Plants	11
	1.2.2 Marine Organisms	12
	1.2.2.1 Diatoms	12
	1.2.2.2 Sponges	13
	1.3 Drawing Inspiration from Nature	15
	1.3.1 Applications in Agriculture	15
	1.3.2 Silicon in Human Health and Medicine	15
	1.3.2.1 Silicon in Food and in the Human Body	16
	1.3.2.2 Silicon in Medicine	19
	1.3.2.2.1 Silicon-Containing Molecules with Medicinal Applications	19
	1.3.2.2.2 Biomedical Devices Based on Silicon	21
	References	24
	Chapter-2	28
	The Role of Silicates in the Synthesis of Sugars Under Prebiotic Conditions	28
	2.1Sugars and Life	28
	2.2The Formose Reaction	28
	2.3The Interaction(s) of Carbohydrates with Silicates	30
	2.4Summary	33
	References	34
	Chapter-3	35
	Protease-Mediated Hydrolysis and Condensation of Tetra- and Trialkoxysilanes	35
	3.1Introduction	35
	3.1.1Biosilica Synthesis	35
	3.2Enzyme-Mediated Hydrolysis and Condensation of Alkoxysilanes	37
	3.3Hydrolysis and Condensation of Organically Modified Alkoxysilanes	39
	3.4Active Site Considerations	41
	3.5Conclusions	43
	References	44
	Chapter-4	46
	Bioinspired Silica for Enzyme Immobilisation: A Comparison with Traditional Methods	46
	4.1 Introduction to Enzymes	46
	4.2 Enzyme Immobilisation Overview	47
	4.2.1 Outline of Enzyme Immobilisation Techniques	49
	4.2.2 Supports	49
	4.3 Immobilisation Techniques	51
	4.3.1 Evaluation and Comparison of Biocatalyst Performance	51
	4.3.2 Lipase	52
	4.3.3 Covalent Binding	53
	4.3.4 Adsorption	55
	4.3.5 Cross-Linking	57
	4.3.6 Entrapment/Encapsulation	58
	4.4 Bioinspired Silica for Enzyme Immobilisation	62
	4.5 Conclusion	65
	4.6 Acknowledgments	65
	References	66
	Chapter-5	70
	On The Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B onto Surface Modified Porous Silica Gel Particles	70
	5.1 Introduction	70
	5.2 Experimental	72
	5.2.1 Materials	72
	5.2.2 Enzyme Immobilization Protocol	73
	5.2.3 Enzyme Activity Assay	73
	5.2.4 Instrumental Methods	74
	5.2.5 Results and Discussion	74
	5.2.6 CALB Immobilization on Surface Modified Porous Silica Gel Particles	74
	5.2.7 Thermal Stability of the Immobilized CALB	74
	5.2.8 Support Material Swelling	77
	5.2.9 Conclusions	78
	References	78
	Chapter-6	80
	Enzymatic Modification and Polymerization of Siloxane-Containing Materials	80
	6.1 Introduction	80
	6.2 Enzyme-Mediated Catalysis of Siloxane-Containing Materials	81
	6.3 Structural Characterization of Siloxane-Containing Polyesters	82
	6.4 Elongation Kinetics	84
	6.4.1 CPr-TMDS and 3HP-TMDS	84
	6.4.2 CPr-TMDS and HA-PDMS	85
	6.4.3 A Comparsion of Acyl-Donors	86
	6.5 Thermal Properties of Disiloxane Containing Polyesters	88
	6.6 A Comparison of the Activation Energy for N435-Mediated Polyesterification Reactions	88
	6.7 Residual Activity of Novozyme-435	89
	6.8 Thermal Tolerance and Repeated Use of Novozyme-435	90
	6.9 Enzymatic Deacylation of 1,3-Bis(3-Acetoxypropyl)-1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisiloxane	92
	6.10 Conclusions	93
	References	95
	Chapter-7	97
	Design and Thermal Properties of Interpenetrating and Intercrosslinked Biosilicate Materials	97
	7.1 Introduction	97
	7.2 Biohybrid Materials	99
	7.3 Biohybrid Material Thermal Properties	103
	7.4 Conclusions	107
	References	107
	Chapter-8	109
	Bioactive Amino Acids, Peptides and Peptidomimetics Containing Silicon	109
	8.1 Silicon in Amino Acids and Peptides	109
	8.2 Where Silicon Can—and Cannot—be Used	109
	8.3 Silicon Containing Amino Acids [2]	111
	8.3.1 The ?-Silyl Amino Acids	111
	8.3.2 The ?-Silyl Amino Acids	112
	8.4 Silanediol Protease Inhibitors	115
	8.4.1 Design and Activity	115
	8.4.2 Silanediol Synthesis	117
	8.4.3 An HIV Protease Inhibitor	118
	8.4.4 Thermolysin Inhibitor	119
	8.4.5 Angiotension-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors	120
	8.5 Improved Chemistries for Silanediol Inhibitor Construction	122
	8.5.1 ?-Alkyl-?-Silyl Acids	122
	8.5.1.1 Asymmetric Hydroboration of 2,5-Dihydrosiloles	122
	8.5.1.2 Asymmetric Intramolecular Hydrosilylation	123
	8.5.2 ?-Alkyl-?-Amino Silanes	124
	8.5.2.1 Asymmetric Reduction of a Silyl Ketone	124
	8.5.2.2 Asymmetric Reverse-aza-Brook Rearrangment	125
	8.5.2.3 Silyllithium Addition to Sulfinimines	125
	8.6 Future Prospects	126
	References	127
	Index	130